Black and white image of fine powder particles on the left giving way to spherical droplets drifting to the right, against a dark background.

Aerosol science for orally inhaled and nasal drug products

Our simulations map the formulation design space and our instruments measure what the simulations predict under physiologically relevant conditions, each improving the other, so you can identify the formulations worth taking to the bench.

Contact usSee the technology

The platform

An inhaled or nasal formulation has more variables than any laboratory can cover. We map the design space in silico and connect simulations and experiments to guide development towards your target product profile, with less laboratory time and material.

Simulation.

Physics-based engines for aqueous droplets, propellants and dry powders, with a lung deposition model, map the design space and show where the promising formulations sit.

Measurement.

Our instruments measure individual droplets and particles under physiologically relevant conditions, recording evaporation, phase and composition from microseconds to days, using small volumes of material.

Insights.

Our aerosol and formulation experts work alongside your team, designing each exploration with you and interpreting the results in the context of your programme, so your decisions rest on the clearest evidence available.

Simulation without measurement is unvalidated, and measurement without simulation does not scale. The advantage is the two connected.

Explore the technology

Who we help

Biotechs.

For teams taking a molecule into inhaled or nasal delivery, we provide the measurement and aerosol physics behind formulation decisions, with a written rationale for the approach chosen.

Pharma.

For innovator and generic programmes, we help narrow formulation options early and explain results that do not behave as expected.

CROs and CDMOs.

We add single-particle measurement and aerosol modelling to the programmes you run, working alongside your team, so you can give your clients a deeper understanding of how their formulations behave.

Device makers.

We measure how candidate formulations behave once aerosolised, under physiologically relevant conditions, so device and formulation can be developed together, accelerating development and improving the likelihood of success.

Applications

  • Inhaled biologics
  • Dry powder inhalers
  • Pressurised metered dose inhalers and propellants
  • Soft mist inhalers
  • Nebulisers
  • Nasal sprays
  • Aqueous systems
  • Spray drying and particle engineering

Two areas where the underlying physics matters most: the stability of a biologic through aerosolisation and drying, and the reformulation work created by the move to low global warming potential propellants.

Case studies

Two studies presented at Drug Delivery to the Lungs 2024.

Pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDI). With Nanopharm, Aptar Pharma, the US Food and Drug Administration and Theela Life Sciences.

Propellant evaporation for the low global warming potential transition

We measured single HFA-134a, HFA-152a and HFO-1234ze droplets with microsecond time resolution. In humid air, water condensing onto the droplets extended their lifetimes from milliseconds to about a second.

Read the abstract

Four inhaler types. With Copley Scientific.

Regional deposition beyond fine particle fraction

We combined published next generation impactor data for four inhalers with a lung deposition model. The nebuliser had the highest fine particle fraction of the four, yet the model predicted it would give the lowest alveolar deposition.

See the paper

Our work is also published in Respiratory Drug Delivery 2026 and in Inhalation magazine.

See all publications and presentations

How we work with you

We work with you in the way that suits your programme.

Fixed-scope studies.

Measurements and simulations with a fixed scope and predefined outputs, so you know what you will receive before the work starts.

Bespoke support.

For questions a fixed-scope study will not answer, we work alongside your team to support your programme’s specific needs.

A technology partner.

For longer programmes, we support your team from pre-formulation onwards, alongside your existing partners.

Where we fit in a programmeEarly screening, benchtop and preclinical, transfer to manufacture, clinical translation.

Early screening.

Before a candidate is selected, when nothing is committed and the value of narrowing the space is greatest.

Benchtop and preclinical.

Choosing which experiments are worth running, and explaining results that do not behave as expected.

Transfer to manufacture.

Establishing which process and formulation parameters matter most, and how far each can move before performance changes.

Clinical translation.

Regional deposition and delivered dose, estimated from the formulation’s measured behaviour.

Earlier data. Clearer decisions. Less risk.

Tell us what you are formulating and we will tell you whether we can help.

Contact us